Civil Service Practice Exam 2026 - Free Practice Questions and Study Guide

The U.S. Congress is a bicameral legislature, meaning it consists of two distinct chambers that work together to create and pass legislation. The two parts of Congress are the Senate and the House of Representatives.

The Senate, composed of 100 members with each state represented by two senators, has certain specific powers, including the ability to ratify treaties and confirm appointments made by the President, such as federal judges and cabinet members. On the other hand, the House of Representatives is larger, with its membership based on the population of each state, totaling 435 representatives. The House has the exclusive authority to initiate revenue bills and impeach federal officials.

Understanding the distinction between the Senate and the House is fundamental to comprehending how the legislative process works in the United States, as each chamber has different structures, rules, and powers that contribute to the overall functioning of the federal government.

The other options provided do not reflect the structure of the U.S. Congress. For example, the House of Commons and House of Lords are chambers of the Parliament in the United Kingdom, and the Cabinet is an executive body, not a part of Congress.